The first step is to identify if the burn is major or minor. If it is a minor burn, it can be treated easily and effectively at home. A major burn needs immediate medical attention.
 
In first degree burns, only the epidermis (outer layer) is burnt. The skin reddens or sometimes swells. In a second degree burn, the second layer (dermis) also is affected. Skin becomes red and blisters may appear. In a third degree burn, even the tissue under the skin gets burnt. Such burns need immediate medical attention. First degree and minor second degree burns can be treated at home.

If it is a minor burn,

• Cool the burn under running water for 15 minutes. Or else, keep the burnt area immersed in cold water.
• Do not use ice directly on a burn.
• Apply burn ointment or any moisturizing lotion to soothe the skin.
  You should not apply butter on the burnt skin as it retains the heat and can even cause infection.
• You can cover the burn with a gauze bandage without applying much pressure on the area.
• If blisters appear, do not break them. If it breaks, clean it and apply antibiotic ointment.
• Do not expose the burnt area to sunlight. If needed, cover it loosely with cloth or bandage.
• You can also take a pain reliever such as aspirin.
• If the burn is not cured within a week or two, or if the burn gets infected and becomes more complicated, get immediate medical help.